Internet and World Wide Web

Many people around the world consider the terms “Internet” and “World Wide Web” as one and same thing however they are not so.

What is internet?

Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users around the world. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies.

Internet is a short form of the technical term internetwork, the result of interconnecting computer networks with special gateways or routers. The Internet is also often referred to as the Net.

What is World Wide Web?

World Wide Web, abbreviated as WWW or W3 and commonly known as the Web, is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

Facts about Computers, Internet and World Wide Web:

1. The term World Wide Web was coined by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990.

2. Vinton Gray Cerf, Bob Kahn are the people credited of having developed Internet.

3. World’s first hard disk was developed by IBM in 1956.

4. First e-mail was sent by Ray Tomlinson in 1972

5. Douglas Engelbart invented the world’s first mouse.

6. While it took the radio 38 years and the television a short 13 years, it took the World Wide Web only 4 years to reach 50 million users.

7. First Computer Company to register domain name was “Digital Equipment Corporation”.

8. [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] sequence was written by “David Bradley”

9. http://info.cern.ch was the first website developed in world.

10. WorldWideWeb was the world’s first web browser

11. The first ever search engine was ‘Archie’

12. PARAM is India’s first super computer developed

13. ENIAC was the world’s first computer developed

14. Intel Pentium processor was invented by Vinod Dham in 1993

What is a website?

Website:

A website (also spelled Web site) is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL), often consisting of only the domain name, or the IP address, and the root path ('/') in an Internet Protocol.

Types of websites:

Commercial website:

The purpose of this type of website is to sell products or services. Commercial websites are used for promoting a business or service and are among the most common type of website on the internet.

Organizational website:

The purpose of this type of website is to advocate an individual’s opinion or a group’s point of view. A website where persons with similar interests communicate with each other, usually by chat or message boards.

Educational website:

The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about an educational establishment or to present information in an educational manner.

Personal website:

The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about an individual or group.

News website:

The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about current events, dedicated to dispensing news and commentary.

Benefits of Site Map for SEO

A site map is a map of a site that is of HTML or XML page that includes links to every page on a site. It is important in many reasons. It can help the search engine to find some deeply nested pages. It is also very helpful for the visitors by providing them a quick overview of a website. The site map should be positioned on the front page of the site and can be organized into a logical section.

The sitemap can easily list all URLs from your site. This could include all those pages that aren’t discoverable by the search engine.

Good site map have the following aspects.

• Provides a pathway for the search engine crawlers to follow.
• Show a quick and easy to follow overview of your site.
• Easily show visitors how to get where they need to go.
• Provides text link to every page of your site.

Site map is very important for some reasons. It offers provision for the search engine spiders that crawl the site. Site map provides spiders all the links of the major pages of a site and allow every page included the site map to be indexed by the spider. With the help of it the site comes up in the search engine results when a user performs a query. A well planned site map can ensure the website is fully indexed by the search engine.

Generating and submitting site maps:

While generating a site map for your site you have to follow some main steps. First you need to generate it, and then upload it in your site and finally Google noted about it.

There are main two ways of generating a sitemap one to download and install a sitemap generator and second to use an online sitemap generator tool.

In these days we use both HTML and XML site maps for our sites, both have their own importance but XML site maps are heavily used because it is utilized by both users as well as search engine spiders. XML site map effectively provides an easy to read link for spiders

 How many URLs in Sitemap?
If you have a site more than 1000 pages, how many URLs can we stuff inside one sitemap? The Sitemap has
 become substantially big. Will Google index all the pages?

There are some points that what Google has to say.

•     We can use maximum of 50,000 URLs in one Sitemap.

•    The Sitemap file should not be over than 10MB in size.

•     If you use more than 50,000 URLs then in this condition create multiple sitemaps and list them in a

            Sitemap Index file.

•     Your Sitemap index file should not be over than 1,000 Sitemaps.

What is a good SEO article?

Your website cannot be optimized for search engines & will not be picked up by the search engine's crawlers for higher ranking in search results unless the content in it is informative, unique, and relevant to the subject that your website deals with. The content should also use the keywords or the phrases that a user would enter in the search bar to find the products or services you are offering in your website.
Importance of promotion
A high quality content of your website may not be able to attract the readers or the search engines to rank your website high on their first pages unless it is promoted properly. It will remain like a beautiful flower blooming in a desolate place with nobody to see it.
The question, therefore, is: How do you optimize and promote your website for high search engine ranking?
One of the most cost effective or even free methods to do so is to write SEO articles about the product or service that your website seeks to promote. The articles should be published in prominent article directories.
What is a good content?
The content of the articles should also be keyword rich, informative and compelling so that the readers are motivated to get more information about your offering. It should contain links, also called back links to your website. If the readers feel interested, they can click the links, and visit your website.

Methods of Online Marketing Techniques-online website advertising techniques

Definition of online Marketing:

The art of online marketing involves finding the right online marketing mix of strategies that appeals to your target market and will actually translate into sales.

In today Scenario online marketing is the emerging trend. Every business or every company adopt this technique to achieve the goal of the company.

There are various approaches and method of online marketing and online website advertising techniques. It is important to know about each method so that one can compare the results. The following are the few method or types of online marketing:

Personal Marketing: This is marketing at personal level and includes telling your network and friends, making a business card etc or we can say that in personal marketing we directly interact with other people like face to face marketing is a type of personal marketing.

Article Marketing: Article marketing implies writing articles and submitting them to web article directories. When you write article, you are allowed to put a backlink to your website in author's bio box. People looking for information will come and read your article. if it interests them, they would visit your web site for more information. Article marketing is a very good method to build links for your site, enhance your website's search engine ranking and getting traffic. What is more, it is absolutely free until you wish to use paid services.

Bum marketing is a method of marketing using articles with a twist. Here, you search for potential keywords that can be dominated, write articles on those and submit them to article directories with an affiliate link to the product you want to promote.

Forum Marketing: Forum is a place where people gather and discuss their problems, strategies etc. There are many forums on the web that you can join and participate in discussion. Most of the forums allow a link back to your website in your signature text which would appear below the post you make. Again a good traffic builder.

Search Engine Marketing: This involves search engine optimization of your website design and content. Search engine use their algorithm to rank websites and when people search for something, these websites are displayed as the search engines would rank them. Search engine optimization or SEO are the methods by which you try to build your site and content so that it may please the search engines. You either learn SEO or use the paid services.

Pay Per Click Advertising:This is a paid service where you pay the service provider every time your link is clicked. This kind of marketing is quite poular with internet marketers. Apart from Google and Yahoo there are many other pay per click services available

Link Exchange:In this a website places a link for other website in exchange for its link on that site. Earlier it was also used for SEO purpose but a change in search engine algorithm has stripped that advantage. But it is still it is a powerful method for traffic generation.

Link Purchase:You can purchase placement of your website link on other website. This is very commonly done for SEO as one way incoming backlinks are used to rank your website by search engines. This method also brings in traffic if the site that you purchased link placement from is heavily visited website.

Classified Advertising:You can advertise your website on Classifieds websites on the web like Craigslist.com and USfreeads.com. Both paid and free services are available.

Ezine Marketing:This refers to email marketing. You can start your own newsletter or ezine or electronic magazine which your subscribers can choose to receive. Creating an ezine is an integral part of your internet business. You can also choose to purchase an advertising space in the ezines that are already running successfully. your website gets exposed to targeted readers who may like to become your customers.

List Building:This refers to building a subscribers database ,who are entered into the list of that database when they opt in for your ezine or agree to a free download against providing you their email address. You can contact these subscribers with your offers and promos.

Lead Purchase:There are some paid services which will provide you with the names and email addresses of the people or leads against a payment. This method is called lead generation. This is done by them by placing your opt-in form (Form which a visitor fills in order to subscribe) on heavily visited websites, a process that you can do on your site also. Normally you are charged per lead.

Viral Marketing:Here, you make a useful product like ebook or software and allow people to pass it on freely. This helps in spreading your website links and branding your site. Apart from ebook or software, you can also build some humorous video or funny email. Build anything that people would like to pass on and share.

Press Releases:Here, you build a press release for your website and submit it to one or more press release sites like prweb.com. Press releases are done to create awareness among the web visitors and are displayed on various news channels or sites on the net. Also builds increased back links. Both free and paid submissions are available.

Joint Ventures:ere two or more marketers come together and promote a product or service in a way that it will benefit them all. Joint ventures are a great way to build your business because the marketing efforts are combined and results are always more than individual efforts.

Affiliate Program:You can launch your own affiliate program where people can join. Then they would advertise your product with their affiliate link. When a sale is made, they get a preset commission. You will need an affiliate program manager to do this. Clickbank.com offers an easy alternative.

Resell Rights Marketing:You can offer resell rights to your product where people would be able to sell it and keep all the money. It increases your product value and helps in building in name because more sales are made than when you sell it just on your own. Helps in branding too.

RSS Marketing: RSS stands for Really simple Syndication and it may be difficult to conceptualize in the beginning. RSS works by RSS feeds which needs to be generated by website. People can subscribe to these RSS feeds and can view the content of the website via their RSS reader. By this people are enabled to rceive the content directly on their desktop. This method is quite new as compared to others and has become really popular following spam issues in email marketing.

Blog Marketing: Blog is an online journal which you can update on regular basis. You need a blogging platform like Wordpress or Blogger etc and you can publish at their site or host on your own. Blogs are immensely popular with marketers and are very much loved by search engines. A must for your business.

Social Bookmarking: This is latest marketing buzz. There are online bookmarking sites available which peple can use to bookmark the places on the web they like. You can display these bookmarking buttons on your site or blog and people may submit the link for bookmarking if they like your site. Generates good traffic.

Video Marketing: This is even newer. You can upload a video on the sites that allow. People would watch and then visit your site. Theory is similar to article marketing but media used is different. A popular website that allows video upload is Youtube.com.

Difference between SEO, SMO, SEM:

1. SEM is a much broader term than SEO, and actually includes SEO as one of its techniques. SEM is all that a company can do to advertise itself on a search engine, including paid inclusion and other ads.
   
   Search engine marketing (SEM) is the act of marketing a website via search engines, whether by improving rank in organic or natural listings, paid or sponsored listings or a combination of both.
   
   Social media optimization (SMO) Social Media Optimization is the methodization of social media activity with the intent of attracting unique visitors to website content.

2. SEO - Is optimizing the page to be easily found and index able by search engines. This is everything from content writing to getting backlinks.
   
   SEM - Is bidding on keywords through tools like Google AdWords. This can be extremely expensive and time consuming, and should probably only be a short term solution until your site is performing well organically.
   
   SMO - Is setting up and participating in various Social Media sites, like Facebook, Digg, Delicious, etc. The purpose here is to build communities of fans and spread the word on your updated content.

Definitions:

SEO: Search Engine Optimization

In simple words, we can define SEO as improving your rank in search engine result listings on Google, Yahoo and Bing. Often you will hear the terms “organic” or “natural” search results which refer to the areas of the results pages that are not “sponsored” or paid for advertising. Actions to improve SEO include keyword optimization, relevant content creation, creating directory listings, and much more.

SEM: Search Engine Marketing

The easiest distinction between SEO and SEM is if that the place the link shown is paid for, its SEM. SEM refers to ads and links that are “sponsored” to be placed in designated sections of results pages. If you are participating in paid advertising on a search engine, your ad may show within the special sections of the page reserved for advertisements. Another major distinction, when you “turn off” your SEM campaign, your ads will stop showing where as SEO content is more permanent.

SMO: Social Media Optimization

Social media optimization is choosing the best options of what is available to improve your use of social media. The goals of social media optimization overlap with SEO and SEM. Different from SMM (social media marketing) which is more implementation and advertising in paid sections within the social media platforms, SMO is the analysis and strategy creation of what platforms (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) are and/or should be used and how they are being used.

Backlinks in SEO

Backlinks are the links coming from another websites to our website. Backlinks are also known as incoming links. Backlinks plays an important role in increasing the traffic. There are many ways of creating backlinks. Some of them are as follows:-

    Article distribution

    Directory submission

    Blog commenting

    Social Bookmarking

    Forum posting

    Press release

    RSS feed

SEO experts use all these methods for increasing the backlinks.

Benefits of Backlinks

1. Backlinks are beneficial for increasing the ranking of website in search engines.
2. Backlinks are helpful in increasing the PR of website.
3. Backlinks generates the hits for website mainly through blogs, articles and bookmarking.

Creating the backlinks is one of the easiest ways to grab the attention of more people to website. Backlink is the major factor behind the page rank of any website. Importance of website for the search engine is depends on the backlinks. For a website, one way link is a more beneficial as it enables you to attain higher page rank through SEO marketing. In another terms it is possible to say that backlinks are the indicator of just how popular your web site is on the internet.

With an increase of incoming links, search engines will rank you on the top and therefore you’ll be able to gain more popularity. Search engines would like to give priority to incoming backlinks. As a result, with more significant incoming backlinks; you could ensure great returns from internet businesses.

What Is The Difference Between Static and Dynamic Websites?

Whether you’ve come across these terms online or have heard it thrown around by your web designer, it is important to know the difference so that you can determine the best solution for your website.

Static Websites:

A static site is a website that is written entirely using HTML. Each web page is a separate document and there are no databases or external files that are drawn upon.

This means that the only way to edit this type of website is to go into each page and edit the HTML. So you would have to do it yourself using a web page editor such as FrontPage or Dreamweaver, or pay your web developer to make updates for you.

Dynamic Websites:

A dynamic website is written using more complex code — such as PHP or ASP — and has a greater degree of functionality. For instance, many dynamic websites can be controlled by a content management system. This means that you will potentially be able to make updates without needing any knowledge of HTML or any website software.

Each page of a dynamic website is generated from information stored in a database or external file. And the content management system that you may use to maintain your website directly modifies this stored information.

Which Should You Choose?

Many people prefer dynamic websites because they have a lot of benefits. Dynamic sites reduce ongoing maintenance costs, make data management very efficient, and enable the addition of any future addons such as data feeds or a comprehensive site search. They also make it impossible to destroy the layout, as might happen if you edit it from a web page editor.

There are some drawbacks to using dynamic websites. First, they usually cost more to develop, because they require more complex coding, as well as the development of a content management interface to enable you to maintain your website. Second, you will need to obtain web hosting which supports databases and dynamic languages. Fortunately, most hosts do offer these features by default.



If you realize that you do want a dynamic website which will enable you to maintain your own content, you can save costs by opting for a website that is only partly dynamic. For example, certain pages such as ‘About Us’ or ‘Contact Us’ pages can be static, whereas galleries or product catalogues can be dynamic.

What is (SEO) Search Engine Optimization?

 First I tell you what is Search Engine Basics?
Introduction to search engines
 
As the Internet started to grow and became an integral part of day-to-day work, it became almost impossible for a user to fetch the exact or relevant information from such a huge web.This is the main reason why ‘Search Engines’ were developed. Search engines became so popular that now more than 80% of web-site visitors come from them. What exactly is a Search Engine? According to webopedia, a “Search Engine” is a program that searches documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found”.For Example, if you want to know about the Automobile market in Canada, you will type
keywords like automotive market, automobiles in Canada, automobile manufacturers in Canada etc... Once you click on the search button, you’ll get the best relevant data related to those keywords.On the eve of Google’s initial public offering, new surveys and traffic data confirm that search engines have become an essential and popular way for people to find information online. A nationwide phone survey of 1,399 Internet users between May 14 and June 17 by the Pew Internet & American Life Project shows:
• 84% of internet users have used search engines. On any given day online, more than half of those using the Internet use search engines. More than two-thirds of Internet users say they use search engines at least a couple of times per week.
• The use of search engines usually ranks only second to email use as the most popular activity online. During periods when major news stories are breaking, the act of getting news online usually surpasses the use of search engines.
• There is a substantial payoff as search engines improve and people become more adept at using them. Some 87% of search engine users say they find the information they want most of the time when they use search engines.
• The convenience and effectiveness of the search experience solidifies its appeal. Some 44% say that most times they search they are looking for vital information they absolutely need.COM Score Networks tracking of Internet use shows that among the top 25 search engines:
• Americans conducted 6.7 billion total searches in December.
• 44% of those searches were done from home computers, 49% were done from work computers, and 7% were done at university-based computers.
• The average Internet user performed 33 searches in June.
• The average visit to a search engine resulted in 4.4 searches.
• The average visitor scrolled through 1.8 result pages during a typical search.
• In June, the average user spent 41 minutes at search engine sites.
• COM Score estimates that 40-45 percent of searches include 1sponsored results.
• Approximately 7 percent of searches in March included a local modifier, such as city and state names, phone numbers or the words “map” or “directions.”
• The percentage of searches that occurred through browser toolbars in June was 7%
Major Search Engines and DirectoriesGoogle:
Yahoo!:
MSN:
AOL:
Alta Vista:
HotBot:

HOW SEARCH ENGINES WORKS

 

The term "search engine" is often used to describe both crawler-based search engines and human-powered directories.

Search engines are designed for quickly search and retrieve stored information. Once the search engine has retrieved the information, they then rank the results in order by using their own ranking criteria.

Most search engines consist of three major components. Which are as follows

• The Spider
• The Index
• The Ranking System

The Spider
Search engines send out electronic robots sometimes called spiders. The spider is the lifeblood of the search engine.

When a search engine’s spider finds a new website, it crawls all over the site and records the information on that website’s pages and returns this information to the search engine. This process is referred to as spidering or crawling a website.

The Index
Everything the spider finds goes into the second part of the search engine, the index or catalogue. This is simply a very large database, easily reached through the internet. Everything the spider finds is stored in the search engine’s index.

The Ranking System or Algorithm
The final and trickiest part of the search engine, is the system they use to rank their listings. This is done by a complex series of formulae know as an "algorithm". This is the formula the search engine uses to rank web pages.

SEO also known as " Search Engine Optimization “. SEO mainly  used to bring your website on first page of Google for a searched word.

Search Engine Optimization is the process of increasing the amount of visitors to a Web site by ranking high in the search results of a search engine. The main purpose of SEO is to increase your visibility on the internet so that your site can be used more and more user.

I think that the most use of SEO is to grow your business in top of  search engine.

Let me explain you properly->

Suppose you and me both are having their own websites on “Sports” and when “Sports” this word is searched in Google, my website comes at first page and your website comes at 10th page.

In this case I will get a huge amount of traffic on my website and you will not.
So for bringing our website on first page of Google, we do SEO of our website i.e. Search Engine Optimization.

 There are two types of SEO techniques:

On Page Optimization-on page optimization is what can do on the page of a website to maximize it performance for target keyword related to the on page optimization.

Off page optimization-Off page optimization is what can do off the page of a website to maximize it performance for target keyword related to the off page optimization and direct link.

What is the difference between On page optimization and Off page optimization:

In On page optimization what can we do inside your web site such as meta tag,keyword research and Sitemap submitted etc.

On the other hand, In Off page optimization what can we do anything outside your website such as Directory submission,Bookmarking,Article submission and forum posting etc.

We use thease different techniques to generate backlink for our website. These backlink are very important to improve our website position.

Definition of Title Tags in Search Engine:

A title tag, which is sometimes referred to as a title element, is an essential part of SEO. The overall content on your page will really help determine your high ranking, but how carefully you create your title tag. What exactly is a title tag? It is the text that describes or defines the title of your document. Title Tag when optimizing a site it is important that you consider the length of characters being included within this tag. Title tags should span no less than six words and no more than twelve which result in about a range of sixty five to seventies characters.

View your Title Tag:

You can view the title tag in the source code of a web page or at the top of your browser window. If you are interested in viewing the title tag through the source code simply click on view from the menu at the top of your browser and then click on source, open the window for full view. You will find the title tag in the head section of the source code along with your Meta description tag and Meta keyword Tag.

10 Things not to do in Search Engine Optimization

• Neglect the use of automatic link building software.

Reason: Because they are very harmful for the website. The use of this practice may be permanently banned the website.

• Do not use the same keywords many times in the content of website to increase the keyword density.

Reason: Because many major search engine find them and treated them as spam and will penalize you for it. Keyword density should be 1% - 3%. If keyword density is more, then it has negative effects on the website.

• Do not spread duplicate contents across several pages or several domains.

Reason: Because this is against the guidelines of search engines.

• Do not use the tiny or invisible text.

Reason: Because search engines consider the use of text that is the same color as the background color as spam.

• Do not build your website entirely in Flash.

Reason: Because websites that are heavily flash dependant are not very search engine friendly. Search engines are not able to crawl the text embedded in flash and the websites embedded in flash takes long time to be open.

• Do not use irrelevant keywords in your web pages.

Reason: Because if the search engines find you using irrelevant keywords in your content, they will penalize you for it.

• Avoid doorway pages.

Reason: Because now a day’s search engines are very advance, they will detect the doorway pages and remove them from their index and it is considered as black hat SEO.

• Do not do submissions in wrong categories.

Reason: Because submissions in wrong categories are not guaranteed submissions. These submissions may be deleted or treated as spam.

• Do not use black hat SEO techniques

Reason: Because black hat techniques are unethical way of promoting one's site. Search engines will penalize your site and it may be banned.

• Do not believe everything in SEO that you come to know through internet

Reason: Because many posts are created by the people who may not be expert in what they are writing about. We need to research online as much as possible about SEO.

How many Hats in SEO?

There are mainly 3 Hats which matters most in SEO:

1. White Hat SEO
2. Grey Hat SEO
3. Black Hat SEO

1. White Hat SEO:
   
   White Hat SEO means completely following the ethical methods to acquire good rankings in search engines for a website. If a website really providing good information to visitors then white hat SEO works very well and gives the best results. Now you have question that “what are white hat SEO methods?” All the methods which aren’t trying to cheat or manipulate search engines or visitors are called white hat SEO methods.

2. Grey Hat SEO:
   
   Grey Hat SEO means following combination of ethical and unethical methods to get fine rankings in Search Engines for a website. Most of the SEOs use Grey Hat SEO Methods to attain rankings. Grey Hat SEO works fine most of the time and most of the professionals recommend it. Grey Hat SEO methods aren’t unethical, it includes little stuffing of keywords in the site and back links etc. Now a day’s these methods are quite common while promoting website. Most of Corporate websites, Personal Blogs etc …follows Grey Hat SEO Methods.
3. Black Hat SEO:
   
   Black Hat SEO stands to follow completely unethical which are used to cheat, manipulate search engines as well as users. In the past years search engines aren’t able to recognize these methods and difficult to find out and filter the websites which use Black Hat SEO techniques. Search engines are became smarter now and able to find out and blocks websites which use black hat techniques. Search Engine Quality Professional are working hardly and updating regularly the SE algorithms to give the best results to the visitors.